Factors leading to pregnancy despite women using withdrawal as a contraceptive method

Dr. Uche Agu, a consultant obstetrician and gynecologist at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu State, has provided an explanation as to why women who rely on the withdrawal method of family planning still end up getting pregnant. According to Dr. Agu, the withdrawal method, also known as the pullout method, is ineffective and prone to failure.

In an exclusive interview with PUNCH HealthWise, Dr. Agu highlighted that although the withdrawal method may work for some individuals, it is flawed due to inconsistencies and failures. The goal of the withdrawal method, as stated by the Mayo Clinic, is to prevent sperm from entering the vagina. However, the clinic reports that one in five couples who use the withdrawal method for a year will still become pregnant, making it less effective than other forms of contraception.

Dr. Agu emphasized that many men lose control at the moment of orgasm and ejaculate inside the vagina before withdrawing. Even those who have some level of control may release sperm cells in the initial secretions before pulling out. He explained that the initial semen that comes out during sexual activity can contain sperm cells, increasing the chances of pregnancy.

Dr. Agu clarified that the withdrawal method is not a reliable or effective form of contraception. While some individuals may find it discreetly successful, it has a high failure rate due to its inherent inconsistencies and shortcomings.

According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020, when used perfectly every time, the pullout method has a four percent chance of resulting in pregnancy. This is similar to the effectiveness rate of condoms, which have a two percent chance of pregnancy when used perfectly. The WHO recommends various contraceptive methods such as oral contraceptive pills, implants, injectables, and vaginal rings.

Dr. Agu further emphasized that the use of the withdrawal method requires discipline and caution, particularly on the part of men. It necessitates self-control and the ability to withdraw before ejaculation to be effective. However, even with some level of control, the initial secretions released before ejaculation may contain sperm cells, contributing to the method's failure.

In conclusion, Dr. Agu emphasized that the withdrawal method is not a reliable or highly effective form of contraception due to its limitations and the potential for human error.