Cocaine Use Raises Concerns Over Growing Drug Culture on UK University Campuses

According to a report by Daily Mail (UK) on Friday, September 18, 2026, the increasing availability and use of cocaine among university students in Britain is raising concerns as thousands of young people begin their university experience during Freshers Week.

Fiona, a mother whose name has been changed, described the frightening moment she received a FaceTime call from her 18-year-old daughter Zoe at about 2am. Zoe had recently started university and was calling from a nightclub with her new boyfriend, Leo.

Fiona had initially been concerned about whether her daughter would settle into university, make friends, eat properly and cope with her studies. However, when she saw Zoe on the video call, she immediately became concerned about something else.

Fiona said she could barely understand what her daughter was saying and noticed that she appeared unusually energetic and distressed. At first, she assumed Zoe had simply been drinking alcohol. However, Fiona said her previous experience working in the City helped her recognise signs that suggested cocaine use. She noticed Zoe's unusually large pupils, unusual jaw movements and difficulty speaking clearly.

The report says that while many parents are familiar with the availability of cannabis and have heard about ketamine, fewer may realise how widespread cocaine use has reportedly become among university students.

A Loughborough University study involving students from 54 institutions reportedly found that 24 per cent had used cocaine. Professor Harry Sumnall, who specialises in substance use at Liverpool John Moores University, said cocaine is now more widely available, more potent and relatively affordable compared with many other products.

Although cocaine is classified as a Class A drug in Britain and possession can result in a prison sentence of up to seven years, Professor Sumnall said some young people no longer perceive it as particularly dangerous. He explained that some young adults see it differently from drugs that have stronger associations with addiction and dependence.

Archie, a 20-year-old student from London who was preparing to enter his final year at a northern university, told the newspaper that cocaine was common within his social circle. He said some students used it while drinking because they believed it helped them remain awake and socialise for longer.

Archie also said that some young people who experienced social isolation during the Covid-19 restrictions found meeting new people difficult. He claimed cocaine made him feel more confident when socialising. He also considered it relatively affordable compared with alcohol.

Although Fiona said Zoe had not previously shown an interest in drugs, Archie said he had experimented with cannabis and ketamine while still at school. He said cocaine had been largely absent from his experience until he entered university, where he found it much easier to encounter in student bars and clubs.

Archie said he now used cocaine on many weekends and generally did not consider his consumption a serious problem. However, he admitted that he often experienced anxiety and felt unwell the day after taking it.

The report contrasts this attitude with warnings from addiction specialists. The Priory Group says combining cocaine with alcohol can be particularly dangerous and may contribute to blackouts, impaired vision, vomiting, alcohol poisoning, aggression, anxiety and paranoia.

Fiona said she had noticed that Zoe had become more anxious, moody and tired after starting university. She initially believed these changes were caused by the pressures of adapting to a new environment and living away from home. Zoe had also lost weight, which the report identifies as another possible consequence of cocaine use because the drug can suppress appetite.

Fiona said she regretted not recognising the changes earlier. Professor Sumnall warned that cocaine can have a significant effect on mental health and wellbeing, even when it is used relatively infrequently, particularly among vulnerable young people.

The report cites a 2023 study of UK students published in Brain Sciences, which linked anxiety, depression, perceived stress and insomnia with increased reports of substance use, including cocaine.

Professor Sumnall also said drug use can involve risky decisions and impulsive behaviour that may expose young people to danger. A 2021 study involving 3,520 UK university students reportedly found associations between cocaine use and riskier sexual behaviour, lower academic grades and several psychological or emotional difficulties.

The report also highlights deaths associated with cocaine use. It states that cocaine-related fatalities across all age groups had increased by 14.4 per cent since 2023. It gives examples of university students who died following cocaine use, including Oxford University student Daniel Mervis, who died from an overdose in 2021 after developing an addiction during his first year, and Bristol University student Lucy White, who died in 2018 at the age of 24 after suffering a heart attack following cocaine use.

Cocaine-related hospital admissions have also reportedly increased, with mental health admissions connected to the drug said to have tripled over a ten-year period ending in 2018.

The report attributes part of the growing availability to the expansion of the illegal cocaine market. United Nations figures cited by the newspaper indicate that global illicit cocaine production increased by 34 per cent in 2023 to a record 3,708 tonnes. European Union data cited in the report also indicates that cocaine was 44 per cent purer in 2023 than it was in 2014.

Following the late-night FaceTime call, Fiona said she remained awake for much of the night in fear for her daughter. She wanted to travel to the university immediately but said the journey was about five hours away and she was not a confident driver.

The following day, Fiona and Zoe spoke honestly on the phone. Zoe initially denied taking drugs but eventually broke down and admitted that she had first tried cocaine during Freshers Week.

Fiona then began looking back at changes in her daughter's behaviour. During Zoe's first term, she had initially called home regularly, but those calls became less frequent. Fiona said Zoe increasingly contacted her mainly to request money. Fiona had assumed the money was needed for normal student expenses but later realised some of it had supported Zoe's growing cocaine use.

According to Fiona, Zoe's drug use increased after she began dating Leo. His relatively wealthy group of friends reportedly regarded cocaine as part of their regular nightlife. Zoe did not usually purchase the drug herself but obtained it through Leo's friends, who reportedly sourced it through social media contacts or other acquaintances.

Professor Sumnall said some young people may feel more comfortable obtaining drugs through friends or friends of friends because they believe this reduces the risks associated with buying directly.

Archie described a similar experience, saying that although he had previously tried cannabis and ketamine, he had rarely encountered cocaine before university. He said student bars and clubs made it easier for students to find people who could supply it.

The report also cites research indicating that peer influence plays a role in drug use among some students. The SOS report reportedly found that 44 per cent of respondents believed students took drugs to fit in with their peers, while 12 per cent said they had personally tried drugs because people around them were using them.

Zoe told her mother that she had found it difficult to fit into a university environment where many students came from private-school backgrounds. Fiona said this made her recall her own experiences among wealthy City professionals when she was younger.

By the time of the nightclub phone call, Fiona said Zoe had been using cocaine several times during most weekends. Zoe was reportedly experiencing low mood, anxiety and exhaustion and had begun feeling that taking more of the drug was the only way to feel better.

When Zoe returned home, Fiona considered asking her to remain there and leave university because she feared her daughter's condition could deteriorate. However, Zoe wanted to continue her studies and agreed to seek help from the university's student wellbeing team.

Zoe began attending weekly support sessions on campus and was also able to contact the team when she needed assistance. Fiona described the support as an important part of helping her daughter regain control of her life.

Fiona also began visiting Zoe more frequently and paying closer attention to her wellbeing. Zoe eventually ended her relationship with Leo and developed a healthier circle of friends who did not use drugs. Fiona said her daughter's lifestyle subsequently changed significantly, with occasional drinks at the student bar becoming her main form of socialising.

As Zoe prepared to begin her second year, Fiona said she felt much more reassured about her daughter's safety. She hoped that sharing their experience would encourage other parents to take noticeable changes in their children's behaviour seriously.

Fiona acknowledged that parents face a difficult balance when their children leave home because they must allow them to become independent while remaining attentive to possible problems. She said she regretted not questioning Zoe more closely when her behaviour began changing, although she had wanted to respect her daughter's independence.

Fiona said she now believes cocaine and other drugs can pose serious risks, particularly for young people who are living away from home for the first time. She considers Zoe fortunate that she was able to receive help before suffering an even more serious consequence.

This Is What You May Dream About Before You Die, According to Scientists

According to a report by Metro (UK) on September 4, 2026, dreams and visions involving deceased loved ones, bright lights, open doors and staircases are among the experiences frequently reported by people nearing the end of their lives, according to research into end-of-life dreams and visions.

Researchers from Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia in Italy examined reports from palliative care professionals about the experiences of terminally ill patients during their final days. Their findings suggest that these dreams and visions are often vivid and, in many cases, comforting rather than frightening.

The study, published in the journal Death Studies, was based on responses from 239 palliative care professionals, including doctors, nurses, psychologists and hospice volunteers.

One of the most common themes reported was the appearance of people who had already died. Patients often described seeing deceased spouses, parents, other relatives or even much-loved pets.

In one reported experience, a woman dreamed that her late husband appeared to her and told her that he was waiting for her.

Other patients experienced symbolic images that appeared to represent a transition or journey. These included staircases, thresholds, open doors filled with light and people moving towards bright spaces.

Some experiences were more unusual and dreamlike, including an account of a white horse running along a shoreline.

The researchers suggested that these end-of-life dreams and visions may provide an important way for patients to explore difficult emotions surrounding death. Because such experiences can communicate through symbols rather than ordinary conversation, they may allow people to express fears, hopes and unresolved feelings that can be difficult to put into words.

The researchers believe these experiences could therefore help some terminally ill patients process their emotions and come to terms with their circumstances in ways that conventional conversations may not always achieve.

Although many of the experiences were described as peaceful or comforting, the study found that not every vision was positive. Around one in 10 reported experiences were distressing.

One particularly disturbing account involved a patient seeing a monster with her mother's face dragging her down.

According to the researchers, frightening experiences could potentially point to unmet emotional or clinical needs. These may include unresolved personal conflicts, traumatic memories or physical pain.

Study leader Elisa Rabitti noted that end-of-life dreams and visions still lack a clear cultural and clinical understanding, despite reports suggesting that they occur relatively frequently among people approaching death.

The findings are consistent with earlier research indicating that dreams involving deceased loved ones are relatively common among terminally ill people and may become more frequent as death draws closer.

Christopher Kerr, chief medical officer of Hospice Buffalo in New York and an expert who has studied end-of-life experiences, said it is particularly interesting that the people who appear in these experiences are often those who provided the patient with love and a sense of security during their lives.

The study also found that dreams involving preparation for death were common. Some patients described experiences involving packing belongings, preparing for a journey or getting onto a bus, which may symbolically represent the feeling of preparing to leave.

Kerr also noted that some veterans experience end-of-life dreams in which past wounds, difficult experiences or emotional burdens appear to be addressed.

Overall, the researchers say these vivid dreams and visions may play a meaningful role in how some people approach the end of life. While the experiences vary greatly from person to person and should not be interpreted as proof of what happens after death, the research suggests that they can sometimes provide comfort, emotional processing and a sense of connection during a person's final days.

Do You Have ‘Ferritin Face’? 9 Warning Signs You May Be Low on Iron

According to a report by Metro (UK) on September 4, 2026, a new health trend circulating online claims that people can identify low iron levels simply by looking at their face. The trend, often referred to as “ferritin face”, has attracted attention on social media, although it is important to note that it is not a recognised medical condition and cannot be used on its own to diagnose iron deficiency.

Ferritin is a protein responsible for helping the body store and release iron. When ferritin levels are low, it can indicate that the body's iron reserves are running low.

Some people with low iron may develop a paler or washed-out complexion, more noticeable dark circles, dry or dull-looking skin and cracked lips. Pale skin can occur with iron-deficiency anaemia because there is less haemoglobin available to give blood its normal colour.

However, these changes in appearance are not necessarily caused by low iron. Dehydration, hormonal changes and the natural ageing process can also affect the appearance of the skin.

One of the most common signs associated with iron deficiency is persistent tiredness. While everyone can feel exhausted after a busy period, iron deficiency may cause fatigue severe enough to interfere with ordinary daily activities.

Iron is necessary for producing haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body. When iron levels are insufficient, people may experience ongoing tiredness, reduced energy and difficulty concentrating.

Nutritional biochemist and nutritionist Jamie Christie explained that many symptoms of low iron can be difficult to recognise because they often develop gradually. Someone may simply notice that normal activities are becoming more tiring or that concentration is becoming harder without realising that their diet or iron levels could be involved.

However, fatigue can also result from several other medical conditions, including other forms of anaemia, an underactive thyroid and chronic kidney disease. Sleep apnoea can also produce similar symptoms.

Shortness of breath and heart palpitations are other possible signs of iron deficiency. When the blood does not carry enough oxygen, the body may attempt to compensate by making a person breathe faster and causing the heart to beat more rapidly.

Despite this, unexplained breathlessness or persistent heart palpitations should not automatically be blamed on low iron. Because these symptoms can have many possible causes, they should be discussed with a medical professional.

Iron requirements vary according to age and sex. In the UK, the NHS recommends 8.7mg of iron daily for men aged 19 and over and women aged 50 and above, while women aged 19 to 49 are advised to consume 14.8mg each day.

Women who experience heavy menstrual periods can lose more iron and may be at greater risk of deficiency. However, many people can obtain sufficient iron through their diet.

Foods containing iron include red meat, beans and other pulses, nuts and dried fruits. Green vegetables can also provide iron, and consuming them alongside foods rich in vitamin C can help the body absorb more of the mineral.

Tea and coffee, as well as some dairy products and foods containing high levels of phytic acid, can interfere with iron absorption, so consuming them in moderation may be helpful when trying to maximise iron absorption.

Headaches are another possible symptom of iron-deficiency anaemia. The NHS recognises headaches as a common symptom, while some research has explored a possible connection between iron and the production of serotonin, a chemical in the brain associated with migraines.

Nevertheless, headaches are extremely common and do not automatically indicate an iron problem. If frequent headaches occur alongside tiredness, breathlessness or other symptoms associated with iron deficiency, speaking to a doctor about testing may be appropriate.

Hair thinning or increased hair shedding can also occur when iron levels are low. When there is insufficient iron, less oxygen may reach the hair roots, potentially affecting healthy hair growth.

However, hair loss has many possible causes, including stress, hormonal changes, thyroid disorders and other nutritional deficiencies. Severe or persistent hair loss, particularly when it lasts for more than six months, causes bald patches or occurs alongside extreme fatigue or unexplained weight changes, should be assessed by a doctor.

Problems affecting the mouth and tongue may also sometimes be linked to low iron. These can include sores or cracks at the corners of the mouth, a condition known as angular cheilitis.

Other less common symptoms listed by the NHS include changes in taste, difficulty swallowing and glossitis, in which the tongue can become sore, red or unusually smooth and glossy.

Spoon-shaped nails, medically known as koilonychia, are another possible sign. This occurs when the nails become unusually flat or develop a concave shape, with the edges appearing to curve upwards.

Spoon-shaped nails can be associated with iron-deficiency anaemia, particularly when they occur alongside symptoms such as fatigue or shortness of breath. There are other possible causes, but treating the underlying problem can allow the nails to return to their normal appearance.

Itchy skin, medically called pruritus, is also listed as a less common symptom of iron-deficiency anaemia. Reduced moisture retention and changes to the skin barrier may contribute to the problem.

However, itchy skin can be caused by numerous conditions, including eczema and psoriasis. When itching is related to low iron, it may be more widespread and occur without a prominent rash, while other signs such as pale skin and fatigue may also be present.

Tinnitus, which can involve ringing, buzzing, hissing, whistling or roaring sounds in the ears, is another potential indicator of low iron stores.

There are many possible causes of tinnitus, and experiencing it does not prove that someone has an iron deficiency. However, research involving almost 89,000 women with iron-deficiency anaemia found an association between the condition and newly developed tinnitus. More research is still needed to understand the relationship.

Anyone who notices persistent or troublesome tinnitus should seek medical advice rather than assuming that low iron is responsible.

If several of these symptoms sound familiar, it is important not to start taking large doses of iron supplements without medical advice. A doctor can discuss your symptoms, lifestyle and medical history and may recommend blood tests to determine whether your iron levels are low.

A full blood count can help identify anaemia, while a ferritin test can provide information about the body's iron stores.

It is also important to identify why iron levels are low rather than simply replacing the missing iron. Heavy menstrual bleeding and pregnancy are common causes, but iron deficiency can also result from blood loss in the stomach or bowel.

Doctors may recommend additional investigations to identify the underlying cause. These can include tests designed to detect hidden blood in stool samples.

Although iron supplements can be useful when a deficiency has been confirmed, taking more iron than necessary can cause problems. Excessive amounts may result in constipation, nausea, vomiting and stomach pain, while very high doses can be dangerous.

Anyone concerned about possible iron deficiency should therefore seek advice from a qualified medical professional rather than relying solely on appearance or social media trends.

I Quit Social Media for Four Weeks – It Changed the Way I Dream

According to a report by Metro (UK) on September 10, 2026, for most of her life, Isabel Fraser says she never considered herself dependent on substances such as alcohol, illegal drugs or even vaping. She quit vaping on New Year’s Eve in 2023 after years of using blueberry-flavoured disposable vapes, and because it was relatively easy, she assumed she had never been addicted.

But she eventually realised there was another form of dependency that did not come with obvious physical warning signs: social media.

Although concerns about the psychological effects of excessive social media use have become increasingly common, Isabel says she belonged to a generation that was largely overlooked when it came to growing up alongside rapidly developing digital platforms.

Her parents had established sensible boundaries, but during lockdown at the age of 16, she downloaded TikTok and began spending hours scrolling through videos. She eventually deleted the app after recognising that her usage was becoming unhealthy.

The social media experience had changed considerably by 2018, when Musical.ly evolved into TikTok. The short-video format became extremely popular and was subsequently adopted by other major platforms through features such as YouTube Shorts, Snapchat Spotlight and Instagram Reels.

According to Isabel, social media had gradually transformed from a tool for keeping in touch with friends into a system designed to compete aggressively for people's attention through algorithms that encourage continuous scrolling.

She says she still experienced the familiar feeling of watching one video after another in the hope of finding something particularly entertaining, only to realise that hours had disappeared. The attraction is partly linked to the brain's response to rewarding content and the dopamine associated with discovering something enjoyable.

The amount of time people spend online has also become a growing concern. Isabel cites research showing that adults in the UK spend an average of around two hours and 21 minutes each day scrolling, messaging, posting and sharing content.

After one particularly shocking day when her own screen time reached seven hours, she decided to take a complete break from social media for four weeks.

In the first week, she chose to stop using the platforms altogether. Snapchat, Instagram and YouTube were removed from her phone.

Initially, she felt noticeably lighter and was surprised by how productive she became. She did not immediately miss the apps and found that her surroundings no longer had to compete with her phone for her attention.

However, by the second day, she noticed herself instinctively reaching for her phone and tapping the area where Instagram had previously been. She realised that the habit had become almost automatic.

Instead of spending so much time online, she began reading more and even started watching television series again, something she had not regularly done for years.

The positive effects did not last completely, however. After several days, she began feeling that something was missing. She was no longer automatically aware of what her friends were doing and started experiencing the fear of missing out.

The second week proved to be more difficult. When she met friends, she noticed that they sometimes discussed events she knew nothing about because she had not seen them online.

She had to change her approach and began making more effort to contact friends directly. Although she had previously disliked making phone calls, she started to appreciate the value of speaking to people rather than relying entirely on social media.

Her sleeping habits also changed. Previously, she often spent time watching Reels before falling asleep or drifting off while watching YouTube. Without those distractions, she began reading several chapters of a book during her commute and continued reading before bed.

She found that replacing late-night scrolling with reading made her mind feel considerably quieter. Her dreams became less vivid and she began waking up feeling more refreshed.

By the third week, Isabel noticed an even greater difference. She felt that her mind was becoming calmer and that the mental fog she often experienced in the mornings was disappearing.

She found herself struggling less to remember words and became more aware of what was happening around her.

With more free time, she also returned to journalling. She began keeping a gratitude journal in which she recorded three positive things she noticed each day, such as seeing a cute dog on a train, receiving a compliment from a colleague or spotting a beautiful cloud.

She realised that many of these small moments would previously have passed unnoticed because she had been using every spare second to scroll through her phone.

There were still moments when she became bored, and she admitted that she sometimes watched YouTube on her computer. However, she felt that watching a longer video on a laptop was very different from endlessly consuming five-second clips at high speed.

By the fourth week, Isabel says she had become completely convinced by the benefits of taking a break. She started watching films on television without constantly checking her phone.

Previously, she would divide her attention between a film and her phone, occasionally missing important dialogue and having to rewind. Now she could watch the entire film without being distracted.

Although she still experienced occasional fear of missing out, the feeling had become much weaker. She had also developed a comfortable routine of regularly checking in with people she cared about rather than depending on social media to know what was happening in their lives.

She found that she had more time, a broader perspective, a calmer mind and better sleep. Overall, she felt noticeably happier.

At the end of the four weeks, however, Isabel was preparing for a once-in-a-lifetime trip with a friend and wanted to document and share the experience, so she decided to reinstall Instagram.

This time, she created a strict rule for herself: she would not watch Reels. She managed to stick to it and felt that, for the first time in years, she was controlling her use of the platform rather than allowing the platform to control her.

After returning from the trip, however, she noticed old habits beginning to return. She found herself waiting for Instagram to load during her commute, scrolling before bed and becoming less present in her surroundings.

As a result, she deleted Instagram once again because she recognised it as the platform most likely to become unhealthy for her.

Looking back on the experience, Isabel says she would encourage others to consider taking a break from social media. She believes a digital detox can give the mind an opportunity to slow down and reset.

After four weeks away from social media, she says she is now better able to use it without feeling controlled by it. The experience has helped her regain a sense of balance and made it easier for her to put her phone down when she wants to be fully present in real life.

The Routine Question Doctors Ask That Patients Absolutely ‘Despise’

According to a report by Metro (UK) on September 11, 2026, during a visit to the doctor, patients usually expect to explain their symptoms while the doctor takes notes and works towards identifying what may be wrong. But there is one question commonly asked by doctors that has left many patients frustrated: “What is it you’d like me to do?”

The question, which is frequently used by NHS doctors, has attracted criticism from patients who believe they are visiting a medical professional precisely because they need guidance, diagnosis and treatment.

TikToker Charlie B, who lives with endometriosis and fibromyalgia, recently expressed her frustration after being asked the question repeatedly during medical appointments. Many people responded to her post, saying they had experienced similar feelings.

One commenter said they disliked being asked what they wanted the doctor to do because they were not medical professionals. Another sarcastically suggested that the doctor should provide the answer, since they were the person who had spent years studying medicine. Others described the question as condescending and demoralising, with some even comparing it to something they might hear from a manipulative partner.

However, GP and therapist Ben Davis explained that there is a professional reason doctors ask about a patient's expectations.

According to Dr Davis, the question forms part of GP training and is linked to a patient-centred approach known as “ideas, concerns and expectations”, commonly abbreviated as ICE.

The framework is designed to help doctors understand what patients think may be happening, what worries them and what they hope will happen during the consultation. Asking what the patient would like the doctor to do helps establish their expectations.

Dr Davis explained that failing to ask the question could lead a doctor to make assumptions about what type of investigation, treatment or medical intervention the patient wants. Some patients, for example, may simply be looking for reassurance rather than medication or further tests.

However, the approach does not always work perfectly. Some patients say they clearly communicate their concerns and request medical intervention but still feel that their symptoms are not properly addressed.

The issue is particularly significant for patients whose conditions can take a long time to diagnose. In 2025, Jess’s Rule was introduced to encourage GP teams to reconsider a diagnosis when a patient attends three times with the same symptoms or concerns.

The initiative followed the death of Jessica Brady, who died from cancer in December 2020 at the age of 27. She had reportedly attended her GP practice 20 times during the five months before her death, but her illness was not identified.

Endometriosis is another condition where patients can face prolonged delays. The average time for diagnosis is currently around nine years and four months, while 39 per cent of women reportedly visit their GP at least 10 times before endometriosis is suspected.

Dr Davis acknowledged that, in circumstances like these, asking a patient what they want the doctor to do can easily be misunderstood.

He said he understands why patients may find the question frustrating or condescending, particularly because many people attend medical appointments expecting the doctor to provide answers and recommend the appropriate course of action.

To avoid confusion, Dr Davis said he sometimes explains that he already has ideas about what could be useful but wants to understand what the patient hopes will happen during the appointment.

He has encountered patients who become irritated when asked about their expectations, with some responding that determining what should happen is precisely why they came to see a doctor.

Despite this, Dr Davis believes understanding a patient's expectations is an important part of creating an effective treatment plan. He said the question may sometimes be misunderstood, but knowing what a patient thinks could help allows the doctor and patient to work together towards a suitable plan.

I Stopped Drinking Water So I Wouldn’t Need to Use the Toilet

According to a report by Metro (UK) on September 12, 2026, Melissa Parker says her struggle to find accessible toilets while living with cerebral palsy led her to drastically reduce her water intake for more than 20 years because she feared becoming a burden to others.

She remembers being on a family holiday in Spain as a child when she desperately needed to use the bathroom. After asking a relative for help, she was told it would be better if she could hold it. The reaction made her feel that needing an accessible toilet was an inconvenience to other people.

At just 12 years old, Melissa decided to stop drinking water. She believed that if she drank less, she would not need to use the toilet as often and would therefore cause fewer problems for those around her.

Melissa was born with a brain injury that resulted in cerebral palsy, leaving her dependent on a wheelchair. Throughout her childhood, she was often described as brave, but she says this contributed to her feeling that she had to hide her struggles and avoid drawing attention to her needs.

Accessible toilets remained a major source of anxiety. They could be located far away, while handrails were sometimes broken or unsafe. On one occasion in a hospital, she could not reach the lock on the disabled toilet door.

As she grew older, Melissa began drinking dramatically less water. She went from consuming around two litres daily to perhaps a single cup. By university, she sometimes survived on only a mug of coffee a day while studying for a law degree.

The lack of fluids left her suffering from headaches and constant exhaustion, but she assumed these problems were simply part of living with cerebral palsy.

Travelling became particularly difficult. Whenever she knew she would be taking a train, she would sometimes avoid drinking anything throughout the day because she feared being unable to find an accessible toilet for several hours.

She also recalls an incident when she was a bridesmaid at a family wedding at the age of 30. The accessible toilet was located on a hill that she could not manage by herself, forcing her to ask for assistance. She felt guilty about needing help and even apologised to a family member who had previously told her to hold her bladder.

Her experiences were not limited to family. When she was about 22, staff at a local bar became annoyed after discovering that she needed to use the disabled toilet, which they had been using to store items. They had to clear the room before she could access it.

Although restricting fluids helped her avoid some of these distressing situations, it seriously damaged her quality of life. She already experienced significant pain and fatigue, but dehydration made both problems worse.

Melissa noticed that her muscle spasms and stiffness became more severe. She was mentally exhausted, her eyes often stung from fatigue, and she developed other signs of dehydration, including a dry mouth and dry skin.

Eventually, she reached a point where she could no longer get out of bed or dress herself. Constant headaches and exhaustion made it difficult for her to work as a freelance journalist or carry out everyday activities.

She describes that period as the lowest point she had ever experienced physically and emotionally. She would sometimes spend hours staring at a wall because she felt completely drained and as though her body was shutting down.

About two years ago, when she was 32, her symptoms became dramatically worse. Her muscle spasms and stiffness intensified until she was in constant pain. She also struggled to eat because of severe nausea, while her longstanding headaches became so intense that she could no longer write.

There was no single moment when Melissa suddenly realised that dehydration was contributing to her problems. Instead, she gradually began trying to reintroduce fluids because she was barely functioning and was desperate to find something that could improve her condition.

However, drinking water initially made her feel so nauseated that she would often vomit. The experience was frightening and painful, but she eventually came across a Reddit discussion about electrolytes, minerals such as sodium and potassium that help the body maintain fluid balance.

Although the post was not medical advice, it gave her the idea that electrolytes might help with her nausea. She began taking dissolvable electrolyte tablets with water and eventually found that she could drink without vomiting.

After several days, she began noticing improvements and continued increasing her water intake. Within weeks, the spasticity in her arms had reduced significantly, the vomiting had stopped and her headaches became less severe.

Melissa stresses that rehydration did not cure her cerebral palsy, but it made her symptoms much easier to manage. Reduced pain helped her sleep better, which also improved her general wellbeing.

Looking back, she regrets restricting her water intake for more than two decades simply because she was afraid of being an inconvenience. She believes she should never have blamed herself for needing access to a bathroom.

She also feels that medical professionals should have warned her about the dangers of dehydration and how it could worsen her symptoms, as well as the serious health complications associated with severe dehydration, including seizures and kidney failure.

Melissa says she does not want anyone else with a disability to feel compelled to dehydrate themselves simply to make life easier for other people. In her view, accessibility problems and negative attitudes continue to exist, but people with disabilities should not be expected to sacrifice their health or change their basic needs to make others more comfortable.

She believes that drinking water and having access to a toilet are basic human needs, and nobody should feel forced to choose between staying hydrated and avoiding the inconvenience of finding an accessible bathroom.

A Giggle a Day Can Truly Keep the Doctor Away: Why Laughter Is Good for Your Health

Laughter has been used as a natural form of healing for centuries, and modern science continues to confirm its powerful health benefits. According to a report by Independent (UK) on January 2026, humor has long played a role in helping people cope with pain, stress, and illness. Historical accounts show that as far back as the 14th century, laughter was already being used to ease suffering, while hospitals in the early 1900s even brought in clowns to cheer up sick children.

Today, medical experts say laughter is more than just fun — it is good medicine. Doctors explain that even a few minutes of laughter each day can improve overall wellbeing. It is free, easy to access, has no harmful side effects, and can be enjoyed anywhere, making it one of the simplest ways to support good health.

Laughter provides a quick emotional lift by relaxing the body and easing stress and anxiety. These benefits are important because long-term stress is linked to serious diseases and early death. Laughing lowers the level of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, while boosting mood-enhancing chemicals like dopamine and serotonin. It also releases endorphins, which help reduce pain. Studies have shown that people who laugh are better able to tolerate discomfort compared to those who do not.

The benefits go beyond mood improvement. Laughter strengthens the immune system by activating infection-fighting cells and antibodies in the blood. Research also suggests that cells that help fight cancer become more active after laughter. In addition, laughing improves breathing by increasing oxygen intake, which boosts blood circulation, supports organ function, and slows the heart rate. These effects help clear the mind, reduce tension, and promote relaxation.

Laughter may also help with weight control and blood sugar management. Short bursts of laughter can burn calories and help reduce sharp increases in blood sugar after meals. While it is not a cure for diabetes or obesity, it can play a small supportive role in maintaining a healthier body.

Overall, experts agree that laughter is a powerful and natural way to support mental, emotional, and physical health. Adding more laughter to daily life can be a simple yet effective step toward better wellbeing.

Why Some People Get “Hangry” More Easily Than Others

Hunger can affect anyone’s mood, but for some people, it triggers irritation or anger much faster. This emotional reaction to hunger, popularly called being “hangry,” is more than just a joke — it has a psychological explanation.

The idea is easy to understand through everyday life. A child happily playing can suddenly burst into tears, not because of pain or fear, but simply because mealtime has passed. Adults experience the same thing, even if it shows up as impatience, frustration, or poor decision-making instead of crying.

Although hunger is a basic human experience, researchers have only recently begun to study how it influences daily moods. Most earlier research focused on people with eating or metabolic disorders, leaving out how hunger affects healthy individuals in normal situations.

To better understand this, researchers monitored 90 healthy adults over one month using continuous glucose sensors. These devices tracked blood sugar levels throughout the day. Participants also reported how hungry they felt and rated their mood using their smartphones.

The results were surprising. People did not automatically feel moody when their blood sugar dropped. Instead, their mood worsened only when they became consciously aware that they were hungry. Even more interesting, people who were better at noticing changes in their body’s energy levels were less likely to experience strong mood swings.

This awareness of internal body signals is known as interoception. Hunger signals begin in the hypothalamus, but the conscious feeling of hunger is processed in another brain area linked to emotions. Those who could accurately read these signals seemed better at controlling their emotional responses.

Why does this matter? Sudden hunger-related mood changes can affect relationships, lead to impulsive choices, and encourage unhealthy eating habits. Over time, regularly ignoring hunger cues can take a toll on both mental and physical health.

Children are especially vulnerable because they are still learning how to interpret their body’s signals and are easily distracted. Adults, too, can miss early hunger signs due to busy schedules and digital distractions, often realizing they are hungry only when their mood has already shifted.

Simple habits can help reduce the risk of getting hangry. Eating at regular times, staying physically active, and paying closer attention to hunger signals can make a big difference. Exercise, in particular, helps improve how the body manages energy and sharpens hunger awareness.

In the end, hunger usually plays a small role among many factors that shape our mood. Still, recognizing and responding to it early can prevent unnecessary stress, emotional outbursts, and strained interactions. Being mindful of hunger is a simple but powerful way to stay balanced — both emotionally and physically.

Source: Independent (UK)

Staying Single Could Be Harmful to Your Health, Study Suggests

According to a report by Independent (UK) on Monday, January 19, 2026, new research suggests that remaining single for long periods, especially during young adulthood, may negatively affect both mental and physical health.

The report explains that many young Americans, particularly those in Generation Z, are increasingly avoiding romantic relationships. Studies show that Gen Z teenagers are much less likely to have been in a relationship compared to older generations such as Gen X and Baby Boomers. A 2023 survey revealed a sharp drop in teen dating, while a 2025 study found that more than 40 percent of Gen Z men had no romantic experience during their teenage years. As a result, Gen Z has been described as the loneliest generation in recent national surveys.

A new analysis involving over 17,000 teenagers and young adults from Germany and the United Kingdom found that people who stay single for a long time tend to experience growing loneliness and reduced satisfaction with life. Researchers noted that these challenges often become more noticeable in the late twenties, a period when symptoms of depression commonly increase.

Michael Krämer, a senior researcher involved in the study, said the findings show that prolonged singlehood in young adulthood is linked to moderate risks to overall well-being.

Education and Staying Single

The study focused on individuals aged 16 to 29 and found that certain factors increase the likelihood of remaining single for longer. These include being male, having a higher level of education, experiencing lower emotional well-being, and living alone or with a parent. Researchers noted that both social factors, such as education, and psychological factors, such as mental health, influence whether people enter romantic relationships. The findings also support earlier research suggesting that focusing heavily on education can delay committed relationships.

Why First Relationships Matter

The researchers also highlighted the importance of a first romantic relationship. Participants who entered their first partnership reported feeling happier and less lonely, both in the short and long term. However, the study showed that the longer people delay entering their first relationship, the longer they tend to remain single. Experts say forming a first relationship may become more difficult in the late twenties, especially for those already struggling with lower well-being.

The Health Risks of Loneliness

Loneliness has long been linked to serious health problems. Medical experts say it increases stress hormone levels in the body, which can raise the risk of heart disease, weakened immunity, and blood vessel issues. Other health risks associated with loneliness include high blood pressure, diabetes, dementia, stroke, suicide, and early death.

Psychologists warn that loneliness places extreme stress on the body and can cause people to neglect proper self-care, leading to long-term health challenges.

Paracetamol Causes Autism Debate Leaves Pregnant Women Confused

A fresh debate has emerged over whether paracetamol use during pregnancy can cause autism, after US health officials maintained their concerns despite a major scientific review finding no clear link.

According to a report by Daily Mail (UK) on Tuesday, January 20, 2026, a comprehensive review published in The Lancet medical journal concluded that there is no convincing evidence that taking paracetamol during pregnancy increases the risk of autism or ADHD in children. The findings were widely welcomed by medical experts around the world, who described the research as thorough and reassuring for expectant mothers.

The researchers behind the review analysed 43 previous studies that examined possible connections between paracetamol use in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental conditions. Special attention was given to sibling comparison studies, which compare brothers and sisters from the same family to reduce the influence of genetics and shared environmental factors. Using this method, the researchers found no significant association between prenatal paracetamol exposure and autism.

Despite these conclusions, the US Department of Health and Human Services has pushed back, saying that concerns remain within parts of the scientific community. A spokesperson for the department referenced earlier comments by Dr Andrea Baccarelli of Harvard’s School of Public Health, who has suggested that observational studies show a possible causal link between paracetamol use during pregnancy and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, these studies were not based on controlled clinical trials.

The issue gained political attention last year after President Donald Trump and US health secretary Robert F Kennedy Jr claimed the common painkiller could be linked to the sharp rise in autism diagnoses. Many scientists strongly disputed those claims, arguing that autism is influenced by a complex mix of genetic and environmental factors.

Sources close to the US administration also criticised the Lancet review, suggesting it failed to consider all available evidence and delayed action that could potentially protect public health. However, other experts described the review as reliable and methodologically sound.

Responding to the criticism, Professor Asma Khalil, who led the Lancet review, said the research did not ignore evidence but instead prioritised higher-quality studies that are better at reducing bias. She explained that earlier links between paracetamol and autism often disappeared when stronger research methods were applied. According to her, the review supports current medical advice that paracetamol remains the safest first-line treatment for pain and fever during pregnancy when used correctly.

Paracetamol, also known as Tylenol in the United States, is widely used by pregnant women. About half of expectant mothers in the UK and nearly two-thirds in the US rely on it to manage headaches, pain, and fever. For decades, it has been considered safe and effective.

Autism is a lifelong developmental condition that affects communication, behaviour, and social interaction. Although diagnoses have risen sharply over the past 20 years, experts continue to debate the reasons, with improved awareness and diagnostic practices believed to play a major role.

The disagreement highlights the ongoing tension between scientific research and political influence, leaving many pregnant women caught between conflicting messages.

Simple Sleep Mistake That Could Raise Heart Disease Risk

According to a report by TheSun (UK) on Thursday, January 15, 2026, scientists have warned that sleeping with lights on at night may significantly increase the risk of heart disease. Falling asleep with the TV on, using bright night lights, or being exposed to light while sleeping can disrupt the body’s natural sleep–wake cycle, known as the circadian rhythm, which is important for overall heart health.

Researchers from the United States and Australia studied nearly 90,000 people by tracking their night-time light exposure with wrist-worn sensors. The participants were followed for almost ten years, during which researchers compared light exposure during sleep with later diagnoses of heart-related conditions.

The study found that people exposed to brighter light at night were more likely to develop several serious cardiovascular problems, including heart failure, heart attacks, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation and stroke. Those with the highest exposure to light while sleeping were about 56 per cent more likely to develop heart failure and nearly 50 per cent more likely to suffer a heart attack compared with people who slept in darkness.

Importantly, the increased risk was seen regardless of how long participants slept or how good their sleep quality was. Women with high night-time light exposure were found to have a higher risk of coronary artery disease than men.

Experts involved in the research explained that constant exposure to light at night can confuse the body’s internal clock, leading to long-term strain on the heart and blood vessels. They advised keeping bedrooms as dark as possible, noting that avoiding light at night has no real downside. If some light is needed for safety, very dim lighting is recommended, as it has minimal impact on the body’s circadian rhythm.

The researchers concluded that reducing light exposure at night could be a simple and effective step toward lowering the risk of heart disease, especially for people who already have sleep problems or are at higher risk of cardiovascular conditions.

Teen, 17, Paralysed and Fighting for Her Life After Severe ‘Period Pains’

According to a report by The Sun (UK) on Wednesday, January 14, 2026, a 17-year-old girl from Banbury, Oxfordshire, is fighting for her life after what she thought were severe period pains turned out to be a rare and serious medical condition.

Shakira Gorman suddenly began experiencing heavy bleeding just two days before Christmas and assumed it was linked to her menstrual cycle. Within minutes, however, the previously healthy teenager struggled to breathe and lost sensation in her arms and hands, prompting an emergency hospital visit.

She was rushed to John Radcliffe Hospital, where doctors placed her on a ventilator in intensive care. Shakira remained there for two weeks while medical tests were carried out. Doctors later confirmed that she had suffered a rare spinal stroke — a condition usually seen in people over the age of 50. Her family said hospital staff were shocked by her age, describing the case as extremely uncommon.

As a result of the stroke, Shakira is currently paralysed and unable to speak. She communicates with her family by lip-reading and using a word board. Although she is awake and mentally alert, she has very limited movement and can only slightly move her fingers.

Relatives explained that Shakira had a blood clot in her spine and has been placed on blood-thinning medication. At the beginning, doctors struggled to identify the cause because her early symptoms were mild shoulder and back pain, which she believed were related to her period.

A spinal stroke happens when the blood supply to the spinal cord is interrupted, leading to nerve damage. Depending on the area affected, the condition can cause muscle weakness, paralysis, and loss of bodily functions.

Shakira is now waiting to be transferred to Stoke Mandeville Hospital, where spinal specialists can further assess her condition and begin advanced treatment. Her family hopes the transfer will bring clarity and improve her chances of recovery, although doctors have said a full recovery cannot be guaranteed.

Her parents are spending as much time as possible at her bedside, while other family members have started a fundraising campaign to help cover medical costs, travel expenses, and loss of income. The family says they are taking each day as it comes and has urged others not to ignore sudden or unusual symptoms, no matter how minor they may seem.

5 simple ways to improve your eyesight naturally

According to a report by Punch News on Saturday, January 10, 2026, eyesight plays a crucial role in daily life, yet millions of people around the world suffer from avoidable or untreated vision problems. The World Health Organisation estimates that over one billion people have visual impairments that could have been prevented with timely care.

Health experts note that lifestyle factors, especially the widespread use of phones and computers, are contributing significantly to eye problems. Constant focus on screens overworks the eye muscles, while reduced blinking leads to dry and irritated eyes. Exposure to blue light and holding devices too close can also affect vision clarity, particularly in younger people.

To protect eyesight, doctors recommend eating foods rich in vitamins A and C, such as carrots and watermelon, as well as nuts and dried fruits. Taking regular breaks from screens using the 20-20-20 rule, wearing protective and UV-filtering eyewear, quitting smoking, and scheduling yearly eye examinations are also essential steps. With these habits, many cases of vision loss can be prevented.

World’s oldest man’ claimant dies in South Africa after asthma attack

According to a report by Daily Mail (UK) on Thursday, January 8, 2026, a South African man who claimed to be the world’s oldest living person has died shortly after celebrating what he believed was his 121st birthday. Jan Steenberg, also known as Oom Jan, died of an asthma attack on New Year’s Day in the village of Colchester, Eastern Cape.

Steenberg stated that he was born on December 31, 1904, and admitted to smoking from the age of 14. Although his age was never officially recognised by Guinness World Records, which lists Brazilian Joao Marinho Neto as the current record holder, Steenberg attributed his longevity to his faith. He also believed a herbal drink he consumed almost daily played a role in keeping him healthy.

Throughout his long life, Steenberg worked as a fisherman, golf caddie and grave digger, and lived through two world wars, apartheid and the Covid-19 pandemic. He passed away surrounded by family and is survived by his children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Those who knew him described him as soft-spoken, stylish, fond of dancing and devoted to caring for animals in his neighbourhood.

Easy cooking swap that can help you live longer

Dietitians say a simple change in the kitchen could help you live longer: cooking with olive oil. Whether you’re sautéing vegetables or preparing a chicken stir-fry, you may usually rely on oils like sunflower or canola, along with common seasonings like salt, pepper, and garlic powder. While these ingredients all play a role in your meals, experts recommend choosing just one oil for better long-term health—olive oil.

Registered dietitian Jess Cording explained to Parade that extra virgin olive oil has been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative conditions. She said the polyphenols in olive oil help protect the body’s cells from damage that speeds up aging and chronic illness, and may also guard against certain cancers because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

A 2022 Harvard study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology also highlighted the benefits of olive oil after examining health data from about 90,000 people over nearly 30 years. The findings showed that those who consumed more than half a tablespoon of olive oil daily had a 19 percent lower risk of death from any cause compared to those who rarely used it. The study also found a 19 percent lower risk of cardiovascular disease, a 17 percent lower risk of cancer-related death, and a 29 percent lower risk of dying from a neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer’s. Replacing 10 grams of fats such as margarine, butter, or mayonnaise with the same amount of olive oil lowered the overall risk of death and disease by 34 percent.

Because of this, dietitian Jenny Beth Kroplin advises swapping canola oil, butter, and margarine for olive oil when cooking. She notes that while no single food determines overall health, choosing healthier options like extra virgin olive oil can have long-term benefits.

Health experts add that the compounds in olive oil may help extend lifespan by reducing oxidative stress, a major cause of inflammation. According to dietitian Maddie Pasquariello, extra virgin olive oil contains unsaturated fatty acids that help decrease inflammation. She also explained to Real Simple that substituting saturated fats with olive oil can support healthy cholesterol levels, which is important because high cholesterol increases the risk of heart disease. She clarified that adding olive oil alone won’t necessarily lower cholesterol, but replacing foods high in saturated fat with unsaturated fats found in olive oil is a good step toward better health.

Source: Independent (UK)

Grey Hair May Signal the Body’s Fight Against Cancer, Study Finds

Grey hair is often seen as a natural sign of ageing, a visible marker of the passing years and the changes our bodies undergo over time. However, recent research suggests that those silver strands may indicate more than just age—they could reflect the body’s own protective mechanisms against cancer. 

A study in mice has revealed how our bodies respond to cellular damage, a process linked both to ageing and cancer development. Cells called melanocyte stem cells, located deep in hair follicles, normally generate pigment-producing cells through cycles of growth and rest, maintaining hair color throughout life. Daily DNA damage—from UV light, chemicals, or metabolism—can threaten these cells. To prevent potential malignancy, damaged melanocyte stem cells may undergo “seno-differentiation,” maturing into pigment cells that then exit the stem cell pool. 

This controlled removal helps prevent accumulation of mutations that could trigger cancer, producing grey hair as a byproduct. However, under certain harmful conditions, these cells may persist, creating opportunities for melanoma, highlighting a complex balance between ageing and cancer prevention.

Source: Independent, UK 

‘We All Have Mental Health’ – Prof. Sheikh’s Powerful Call to Nigerians

During Vanguard’s 3rd Mental Health Summit at the Civic Centre in Victoria Island, Lagos, Prof. Taiwo Sheikh, who represents Lifeline International in Africa, appealed to Nigerians to prioritise their mental well-being, noting that mental health is essential for everyone.

In his keynote speech, Prof. Sheikh explained that mental health should be treated as a vital part of overall health, not just discussed during illness or crisis. He said it includes emotional, psychological, and social well-being — influencing how people feel, act, relate, and manage stress. “We all have mental health, and it’s our responsibility to nurture and protect it to avoid distress and illness,” he stated.

He pointed out that the stigma surrounding mental illness and poor access to care are worsening Nigeria’s mental health challenges, leading to an alarming increase in suicide cases. “Suicide itself is not a mental illness, but most suicide deaths are linked to mental health conditions. Ninety per cent of them are related to mental health and substance abuse disorders, and over 70 per cent stem from mental health problems. The lack of treatment access remains a serious risk factor,” he said.

According to WHO data, suicide ranks as the third leading cause of death among people aged 15 to 29 globally and the second in Africa, after road crashes. In Nigeria, around 15,000 suicides occur each year, though the actual number may be higher because of underreporting and criminalisation.

Prof. Sheikh urged the government to develop a national suicide prevention strategy, decriminalise suicide, and create funding for mental health support and intervention programmes. He ended by emphasising that safeguarding mental health should be a national goal since it affects every citizen, regardless of social or economic status.

Source: Nigeria Vanguard on 17 October, 2025

Placenta eating: nutritional cure or risky celebrity trend?

If celebrity trends are anything to go by, eating the placenta is becoming increasingly popular. Will Rogers-Coltman looks at the possible benefits and the potential dangers.

The debate about where wellness ends and superstition begins resurfaced after an Instagram post from Calvin Harris this month. The post showed several happy photos of his wife, presenter Vick Hope, and their newborn son, Micah. One image showed the baby sitting on his father’s knee, and another captured Harris beside the birthing pool in a tender family moment.

However, the fourth photo took an unexpected turn — it showed a placenta, followed by pieces of it placed in a dehydrator. The final image revealed the result: capsules made from the placenta, ready to be consumed.

While some viewers were shocked, Harris is not alone. Many celebrities, including Kim Kardashian and Gwyneth Paltrow, have publicly supported the practice of eating the placenta — known as placentophagy — which has now become a trending topic.

The placenta is a temporary organ that nourishes and protects a baby during pregnancy. It attaches to the wall of the womb and acts as a filter, allowing the umbilical cord to deliver oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the baby while keeping the mother’s and baby’s blood separate.

Some believe eating the placenta after birth provides health benefits for mothers. Helen Wright, a hypnobirthing therapist and doula, offers “placenta services” and says many of her clients report positive effects such as less bleeding after birth, increased milk supply, balanced hormones, healthier hair, skin, and nails, lower stress levels, and even protection against postnatal depression.

Known as “the placenta lady,” Wright’s website, birthwright.co.uk, offers several placenta-based products: smoothies (£125), capsules (£325), and even whipped body butter (£55). She also sells placenta prints and dried umbilical cord keepsakes that can be framed or shaped into words as a way to “honour and treasure this incredible feat of nature.”

However, scientific support for these claims is minimal. Nutritionist Dr. Federica Amati, from ZOE and a mother of two, says that research not only fails to show benefits but also demonstrates possible risks. “Eating placenta is not considered safe for humans,” she explains. “Health experts strongly advise against it due to the lack of proven benefits and the risk of infection from bacteria such as group B Streptococcus (GBS), which has caused serious infections in newborns.”

In one 2016 case in Oregon, a baby was hospitalized with a bloodstream infection just three days after birth. The infection was traced back to GBS bacteria found in the placenta capsules the mother had consumed, which matched the bacteria in the baby’s blood.

Although Wright admits there isn’t strong scientific evidence, she believes the practice still supports new mothers. “My work is about helping women transition into motherhood physically, emotionally, and spiritually,” she says. “Placenta remedies are part of that — they help mothers feel nourished and cared for during a time that can be both wonderful and overwhelming.”

Source: Standard, UK 

This is what screen time does to a child’s brain

Research shows that playing computer games can help children stay connected, even when they are apart. Global recommendations suggest limiting screen time — but is that really necessary?

The belief that screen time is the modern curse, blamed for problems like childhood obesity and mental health issues, has become widespread. However, new evidence suggests that screen time may not be as harmful as once thought.

It’s easy to blame screens for many of society’s problems because they are so common and heavily used. But recent studies show that these beliefs may be overstated.

According to a 2021 report by the American Psychology Association, there is little proof that screen time causes major harm. The researchers reviewed 33 studies published between 2015 and 2019 from universities worldwide and found that screen time — including social media, video games, and smartphone use — played only a small role in mental health issues.

A 2024 review of 11 global studies also found no solid evidence that using screens an hour before bedtime makes it harder to sleep, even though some suggest blue light affects melatonin production.

Pete Etchells, a psychology professor at Bath Spa University, reached a similar conclusion after reviewing hundreds of studies on screen use and mental health. In his book Unlocked: The Real Science of Screen Time, he argues that the research behind dramatic headlines is often inconsistent or flawed.

He wrote that there is no solid scientific evidence proving the supposed dangers of screen time. Etchells points out that much of the data comes from “self-reporting,” meaning participants simply estimate their screen use and describe how they felt about it. He also warns against mistaking correlation for causation, as there are countless ways to interpret such large sets of data.

Research suggests screen time can boost wellbeing and friendships

Some studies even show that screen time can improve wellbeing rather than harm it. One study involving 11,500 brain scans of children aged 9 to 12 found no link between screen use and poor mental health or cognitive decline. The research, led by Oxford University professor Andrew Przybylski, found no negative effects even for children who used screens for several hours daily.

Professor Etchells said that if screens truly harmed the brain, such effects would appear clearly in large datasets — but they don’t. He concludes that there is no consistent evidence showing that screens damage the brain long-term.

Another study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder even found that children who spent more time on screens tended to have more close friends. Lead author Katie Paulich explained that while it’s important to be mindful of screen use, it isn’t necessarily harmful.

The importance of the bigger picture

Dr. Amber Beynon, a research fellow at Curtin University’s School of Allied Health, also challenges negative assumptions about screen time. On Curtin University’s The Future Of podcast, she explained that while some studies link high screen use to developmental delays, others show benefits like stronger language and executive function skills.

Because research findings are mixed, she says it’s overly simplistic to label screens as “bad for kids.” Instead, she argues that context matters more — how screens are used within the family environment plays a bigger role than the amount of time spent.

Her research also shows that parents’ mental health — such as depression or anxiety — has a stronger and more consistent effect on children’s development than screen time itself. Supporting parents’ wellbeing may therefore be just as important, if not more, than reducing screen time.

Are we setting children up for failure by limiting screen time?

Official recommendations remain inconsistent. The UK’s Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health does not set strict limits, while the World Health Organization advises no screen time for children under one year old and less than one hour per day for those under four.

The implications are significant. It may take years for research to clarify whether screens truly harm children. Until then, there’s a risk of spending time and effort keeping children away from something that could actually benefit them.

Source: Standard, UK 

Forget 10,000 steps a day — walking alone isn’t enough. Here’s how to reduce stress and improve digestion by changing the way you walk

Adjusting your posture while walking can help increase mindfulness and build muscle.

Walking is one of the simplest and most beneficial forms of exercise. It doesn’t require a gym membership, special equipment, or training, and it helps counteract the effects of sitting for long hours while supporting heart health. Reaching your daily 10,000-step goal is a great start, but a new trend called posture walking is showing that how you walk can be just as important as how far you go.

The popularity of walking-focused workouts has been growing steadily. Earlier this year, the 6-6-6 trend—which encouraged a 60-minute walk every day at either 6 a.m. or 6 p.m.—became a hit on social media. Other variations such as walking yoga, urban walking, and silent walking have followed. Now, posture walking is the latest movement, with online searches rising 38% in the last quarter and reaching 30,000 global searches last month.

According to Noemi Nagy-Bhavsar, a physiotherapy-based Pilates instructor and founder of Beyond Move Studio, posture walking is a natural next step. She explains that as the colder months arrive, our muscles often become tense and hunched. Posture walking not only helps you meet your step goals but also promotes mindfulness and strengthens muscle form.

Research shows that people in the UK walk 600–700 more steps per day in autumn than in summer. Cooler weather and changing scenery encourage people to get outside, turning daily walks into a way to slow down and enjoy the season.

How to be posture perfect

Posture walking enhances a regular stroll by combining step count with proper body alignment. Many people pay attention to posture in the gym or at their desks but forget about it while walking. By focusing on your alignment, breathing, and pace, you can turn walking into a mindful practice that improves your mood, reduces stress, boosts digestion, increases focus, and builds confidence.

Nagy-Bhavsar says that, just as she teaches Pilates students to stay aware of their body’s alignment and engagement, posture walking applies the same principle while moving. Good posture during walks also benefits everyday activities, making it easier to lift, bend, or reach without straining. It can even help relieve neck and back discomfort by reducing joint pressure.

As Josef Pilates once said, “You are only as strong as your spine.” Nagy-Bhavsar notes that humans weren’t designed to sit all day, so walking is an opportunity to reset, strengthen the spine, and improve posture.

To get the most out of posture walking, try these simple steps:

• Stretch regularly. Loosen up tight muscles before walking with neck rolls, shoulder shrugs, and arm rotations.
• Engage your core. Imagine a thread pulling your spine upward from your lower back to the top of your head. Keep your shoulders relaxed and avoid tensing up.

Posture walking: Three top tips

Unlike yoga or Pilates, posture walking can be done anywhere, anytime. Just stay aware of your posture.

1. Stand tall. Start by standing neutrally but with intention, keeping your body aligned.
2. Be mindful of your body. Keep your shoulders relaxed, your head aligned with your spine, and your core engaged with a neutral pelvis.
3. Breathe deeply. Draw breath into your diaphragm to fill your body with oxygen and release stagnant energy built up from long periods of sitting.

Source: Standard, UK on September 9, 2025